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  Pope Francis claims it’s ‘heresy’ not to ‘translate’ Gospel into modern ‘ways of thinking’
Posted by: Stone - 12-23-2022, 06:45 AM - Forum: Pope Francis - Replies (1)

Pope Francis claims it’s ‘heresy’ not to ‘translate’ Gospel into modern ‘ways of thinking’
The Pontiff echoed some of his regular talking points during his Christmas address, including his praise for Vatican II and the process of synodality.

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Pope Francis delivers his 2022 Christmas address to the Roman Curia
Screenshot/YouTube

Dec 22, 2022
VATICAN CITY (LifeSiteNews) — In his annual Christmas address to the Roman Curia, Pope Francis claimed that “true heresy” involved not only “preaching another Gospel” but in neglecting to “translate it into today’s languages and ways of thinking.”

The 86-year-old Pontiff made his comments to the assembled members of the Roman Curia – both clerical and lay – on Thursday morning in the Vatican. Some of his regular themes were referenced in the speech, including Synodality and praise for Vatican II, along with veiled comments appearing to criticize devotees of the traditional liturgy of the Church.

READ: Rigid Catholics who won’t change are imbalanced, says Pope Francis in Christmas address

Linked to this, Francis warned the Curia against “immobility,” which he said was the “secret belief that we have nothing else to learn from the Gospel.”

Such “immobility,” stated Francis, equated to the “error of trying to crystallize the message of Jesus in a single, perennially valid form.”

Rather than having the teachings of Christ as a “perennially valid form,” Francis argued that they should adopt a form that is “constantly changing” rather than remaining constant for all ages.

“Instead, its form must be capable of constantly changing, so that its substance can remain constantly the same,” he stated.

Reiterating his argument for some kind of development of doctrine in “form,” Francis employed the words of Scripture and placed his own interpretation on them, stating:

Quote:True heresy consists not only in preaching another gospel (cf. Gal 1:9), as Saint Paul told us, but also in ceasing to translate its message into today’s languages and ways of thinking, which is precisely what the Apostle of the Gentiles did. To preserve means to keep alive and not to imprison the message of Christ.

The Pontiff did not expand on what imprisoning the message of Christ might look like, or how the Roman Curia was to change the “form” of the Gospel while somehow keeping the “substance” the same.

However, he did use the address as a means to promote both the Second Vatican Council and his current Synod on Synodality, both of which marked a key moment of change for the Church, according to Francis.

“What was the Council if not a great moment of conversion for the entire Church?” he asked. “As Saint John XXIII observed, ‘The Gospel does not change; it is we who begin to understand it more fully.’ The conversion that the Council sparked was an effort to understand the Gospel more fully and to make it relevant, living and effective in our time.”

This process is evidenced through “synodality,” the Pope continued, saying that “our current reflection on the Church’s synodality is the fruit of our conviction that the process of understanding Christ’s message never ends, but constantly challenges us.”

Pope Francis has used such language – describing the Church as needing to accompany changing times in its approach to doctrinal issues – with increasing regularity over the past years.

READ: Pope tells theologians to consult ‘non-Catholics,’ avoid ‘going backward’ in Tradition

In his recent address to the International Theological Commission, Francis urged them to avoid “going backward” in “Tradition” instead asking them to promote the Gospel by consulting non-Catholic “experts.”

Such a call he has issued on many occasions, along with his now regular attacks on “indietrists” or “rigid” Catholics who attachment to the traditional liturgy seems to anger Francis.

READ: Pope calls for an end to ‘intransigent defense of tradition’

The Pope has often relied on a regularly misrepresented quotation of St. John Henry Cardinal Newman, canonized by Francis himself, in order to substantiate his argument that the Church must reform in accordance with “epochal changes.” In his Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, Newman wrote, “Here below to live is to change, and to be perfect is to have changed often.”

Dr. Peter Kwasniewski, editor of “Newman on Worship, Reverence, and Ritual: A Selection of Texts,” told LifeSiteNews in 2019 that, while a “favorite line with modern Jesuits because for them it means progressivism: continual change, evolution, doctrinal creativity,” Newman himself meant something altogether different.

Kwasniewski explained that Newman was not advocating for justifying actions contrary to traditional morality or any other such reversal of ancient teachings. Instead, “[h]e is talking about how the ‘idea’ (as he calls it) of Christianity expands, develops, diversifies, and enriches itself as it engages and is engaged with the world around it. It becomes more perfect in its self-understanding and self-expression through this interchange.”

“One need only think about how the challenge of heresies brought forth the great Church Fathers to defend the deposit of faith,” Kwasniewski added.

READ: Pope Francis is encouraging dissident bishops to spread error and sinful teaching

Meanwhile, Pope Francis’ promotion of such themes is being evidenced through the agenda of his Synod on Synodality – which is pushing for female deacons and wider “inclusion” – along with his firm support for dissident bishops’ conferences across Europe.

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  Pope Francis Interview: Benedict is a saint
Posted by: Stone - 12-22-2022, 07:51 AM - Forum: Pope Francis - No Replies

Pope Francis : "I have already signed my resignation in case of medical impediment"
From the "sin" of clericalism to the most burning political issues, without forgetting the problems of the Church, the Supreme Pontiff reviews all current issues for ABC


ABC.es [computer translated from the Spanish] | 17/12/2022 Updated 12/20/2022


— Holy Father, you often speak to those who are far from the Church. Aren't you worried that those closest to you might feel neglected?

"If they're good, they don't feel neglected." If they have something half hidden, that even they don't know, they are like that eldest son in the parable of the prodigal son: "I have served you for so many years, and now you take care of that one, and you don't give me any trouble." It is an ugly sin, of hidden ambition, of wanting to appear, to be taken into account (that is how it could be interpreted)… It is a bit of living belonging to the Church as a place of promotion.

— This dualism between those who are distant and those who are close can also be classified as progressive and essentialist views. His pontificate is now ten years old and one criticism that is made of him is that he has placed a lot of emphasis on the disadvantaged, so to speak, while the more traditional sectors feel a certain lack of understanding. Does it affect you in any way that certain currents historically closest to the Church believe that the same attention is not given to questions of doctrine?

— Attention remains the same. Sometimes there are positions of an immature faith, which do not feel secure and are tied to one thing, they cling to what was done before. The problem is not tradition. Tradition is the source of inspiration. Tradition is our roots that make you grow and keep going and growing and make you grow vertically. The problem is going backwards.

- In what way?

— In Italian I call it 'indietrismo': «No, it's better to be as it was done before», «it's safer», «don't take risks». That going backwards. And the Letter to the Hebrews says: "We are not people who go backwards, but forwards." The sin of going backwards for safety. And I think that happens in the Church.

- To the future. A musician said that tradition is the guarantee of the future. And another, that tradition is the living faith of the dead; but traditionalism is the dead faith of the living. Tradition should pull you up , it makes you grow.

— Ortega y Gasset wrote that he liked the past precisely because it is past and the problem lies with those who want to turn the past into the present.

— The past inspires you in the present. What I mean is that trying to package everything doesn't work. Faith develops, grows, and morality grows, but naturally not in any sense. Vincent de Lerins said that this development has to be 'ut annis consolidetur, dilatetur tempore, sublimetur aetate'. In other words, in such a way that it consolidates as it grows, becomes broader over time and much finer over the years.

— When you were a cardinal, you said: "I try to be faithful to the Church, but always open to dialogue."

— Without horizon you cannot live. You must have the roots of faith well established, but with a horizon to grow . If not, there would be no freedom, there would be no Christian freedom .

— February also marks the tenth anniversary of the resignation of Benedict XVI.

— I visit him frequently and I come out edified from his transparent look. He lives in contemplation... he has a good mood, he is lucid, very alive, he speaks softly but he follows your conversation. He admires his intelligence. He is a great.

— What do you appreciate most about Benedicto?

—He is a saint. He is a man of high spiritual life.

— When we see recent photos of Benedict, at 95 years of age, the inevitable reflection arises that it would have been extremely difficult for him to govern the Church if he had not resigned.

—The futures always deceive, so I don't get involved...

— Will the statute of the emeritus pope be left tied and well defined?

— No. I didn't touch it at all, nor did the idea of doing it come to my mind . It will be that the Holy Spirit has no interest in me taking care of those things.

— You have included several women in high positions, but there is still none as the number one department...

- It is true. But there will be . I have one in view for a department that will be vacant in two years. Nothing prevents a woman from leading a department in which a lay person can be prefect.

- What does it depend on?

— If it is a dicastery of a sacramental nature, it must be presided over by a priest or a bishop. Although there it is discussed whether the authority comes from the mission, as Cardinal Ouellet maintains, or from the sacrament, as Rouco Varela maintains. It is a beautiful discussion between cardinals, a matter that theologians continue to discuss.

— Benedict XVI began to meet with victims of abuse and you have continued. I imagine that is the most difficult part of your task.

— It is very painful, very painful. They are people destroyed by someone who should have helped them mature and grow. That is very hard. Even if there was only one case, it is monstrous that the person who has to take you to God destroys you on the way. And on this there is no negotiation possible.

"There is no possible negotiation against abuse, they are destroyed people"

— After one of those meetings, he decided to reopen a case of abuse in Spain, at the Gaztelueta school.

— The victim told me his story and that he had not received a response from the trial in the Vatican. I got here and had it checked. There had been a trial, but since she had had a civil sentence, they were content with that and did not proceed. For this reason, I appointed a court, presided over by the Bishop of Teruel, and things are underway. I can't tell you what stage he is in, but I know he is in good hands. But he is not the only reopened . There is another case of a Spanish priest. The process was started, but it had gotten lost. I passed it to the Spanish Rota. And the president of the Rota is taking it forward. We have reopened them without any scruples.

— Do you think that society will perceive that the Church is finally acting with total decision to stop and prosecute cases of abuse? Do you think the Church will be 'forgiven'?

— The fact of walking on this is a good path. Now, it does not depend only on us whether or not forgiveness is achieved. But there is one thing I want to say. You have to interpret the problems with the hermeneutics of his time. As we do with slavery. At that time they argued about whether slaves had souls or did not have souls. It is unfair to judge an ancient situation with today's hermeneutics. The hermeneutic of before was to hide everything, as unfortunately is now done in some sectors of society, such as families and neighborhoods.

— Do you have any explanation for the cover-ups of other times?

— It is a progress of humanity that is taking charge more and more of moral questions that do not have to subsist like this. Become more and more aware. And that was the courage of Benedict. According to statistics, between 42 and 46% of abuses occur in the family or neighborhood, and are covered up. We did the same thing until the scandals broke out in Boston around 2002. Why? My explanation is this: there is not enough strength to face them. Be careful, I understand that they do not know how to face them, but I do not justify them . First the Church covered them up, then it had the grace to widen its gaze and say "no", up to the last consequences.

- Don't you feel frustrated when you see that this battle is progressing slowly?"

—I see that unfortunately it is a very great evil, and that we are facing it 'little bit'… We are taking these steps, thank God. But there is a point of abuse that remains a mystery to me.

— Which one?

— Video-pornography with minors, which is produced live. Where is it produced? In what country? It is not known. Who covers all that? There it would be necessary to call the attention of those responsible for society. With what coverage do the groups that film child pornography continue to operate? It's a cry for help.

— What do you say to those who see their faith shake when new cases come to light?

— It is positive that you are scandalized by this. That leads you to act to avoid it, to put your contribution. It doesn't scare me . If faith falters it is because it is alive. If not, you wouldn't feel anything.

— I imagine that all kinds of issues pass through the Pope's table, forcing him to make very varied decisions. What advice would you leave to his successors?

— I would tell them not to make the mistakes that I did, period and nothing more.

— Are there many errors?

— Yes there are, yes.

— It is striking that you have chosen new cardinals from very different origins, who know little of each other. Don't you think this will make the work of future conclaves more difficult?

-Clear! Yes, from a human point of view. But there the one who works is the Holy Spirit. There was someone, I don't know who, who proposed that the election of the new Pope be made only with the cardinals who live in Rome. Is that the universality of the Church?

— Pope Francis, a delicate matter. What happens if a pontiff is suddenly disabled due to health problems or an accident? Wouldn't a standard be convenient for these cases?

I have already signed my resignation. It was Tarcisio Bertone, the Secretary of State. I signed it and told him: «In case of impediment for medical reasons or what do I know, here is my resignation. They already have it." I don't know who Cardinal Bertone gave it to, but I gave it to him when he was Secretary of State.

— Paul VI also left his resignation in writing in case of permanent impediment.

— That's right, and Pius XII I think so too.

- You never said that.

- It's the first time I've said it.

- He wants it to be known.

- That's why I say it. Now someone will go to ask Bertone for it: "Give me the piece of paper!" (laughs). He surely handed it over to Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the new Secretary of State. I gave it to Bertone as Secretary of State.

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  Poland: Celebrating Advent and Hanukkah at Catholic University of Lublin
Posted by: Stone - 12-22-2022, 07:31 AM - Forum: Vatican II and the Fruits of Modernism - No Replies

Another error born out of Vatican II [taken from the SiSiNoNo article: The Errors of Vatican II]:

In Nostra Aetate §4, the propositions:

Quote:True, authorities of the Jews and those who followed their lead pressed for the death of Christ (cf. Jn. 19:6); still, what happened in His passion cannot be blamed upon all the Jews then living, without distinction, nor upon the Jews of today. Although the Church is the new people of God, the Jews should not be presented as repudiated or cursed by God, as if such views followed from the holy Scriptures.

Necessary to note here is the attempt to limit the responsibility for Deicide to a small group of quasi private individuals, whereas the Sanhedrin, the supreme religious authority, represented all of Judaism. Therefore, in the rejection of the Messiah and Son of God, it had collective responsibility for the Jewish religion and the Jewish people, and this irrefutably is stated in Holy Scripture: "And from then on, Pilate was looking for a way to release him. But the Jews cried out, saying, 'If thou release this man, thou are no friend of Caesar; for everyone who makes himself king sets himself against Caesar'" (Jn. 19:12); and "And all of the people answered and said, 'His blood be on us and our children'" (Mt. 27:25).

Also striking is the statement that "the Jews should not be presented as repudiated or cursed by God, as if such views followed from the holy Scriptures." This lacks the necessary distinction between individuals and the Jewish religion. If the subject is individual Jews, the statement is true, and is exemplified by the great number of converts from Judaism in all eras. But if the subject is Judaism as a religion, the assertion is both erroneous and illogical: erroneous, because it contradicts the evangelical texts and the Church's constant faith from her origins. (cf. Mt. 21:43: "Therefore I say to you, that the Kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a people yielding its fruits.") And it is illogical, because if God did not reject the Jewish religion or the Jewish people in the religious sense (which in Jesus' time was one and the same thing), then the Old Testament has to be viewed as being still valid, and contiguous and concurrent with the New Testament. This, then, would sanction the unjustified awaiting of the Messiah, a hope still entertained by today's Jews! All of this is a totally lying representation of Judaism and its relationship to Christianity.


† † †


Poland: Celebrating Advent and Hanukkah at Catholic University of Lublin
The Catholic University of Lublin hosts a joint Hanukkah and Advent celebration, with Bishop Mieczysław Cisło praising the initiative as an opportunity to join together as Catholics and Jews.

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Bishop Mieczysław Cisło at the Advent-Hanukkah celebration


Vatican News | December 20, 2022

The Abraham J. Heschel Center for Catholic-Jewish Relations at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin organized a joint Hanukkah and Advent celebration on 19 December for the academic community and residents of Lublin, a multicultural and multireligious city.

The first-ever "Lights in the Darkness" event brought together representatives of the Jewish community and students to participate in this symbolic gathering with a focus on light as a way to people's hearts and unite people of different faiths.


United in light

According to Bishop Mieczysław Cisło, auxiliary bishop emeritus of the Archdiocese of Lublin, said: “We Catholics discover our Jewish roots, and Jews discover the fraternity of the Christian faith.”

Bishop Cisło, who served as chairman of the Committee for Dialogue with Judaism of the Polish Bishops' Conference from 2006-2016, also highlighted the importance of light.

"The light of the Hanukkah candelabra and Advent wreath is an organic unity,” he said. “It warms and unites.”

As Fr. Paweł Rytel-Andrianik, deputy director of Heschel Center, pointed out, the Hanukkah candelabra is a sign of the Old Testament—the liberation of the Temple in Jerusalem, while the Advent wreath symbolizes the coming of Jesus as Messiah.

"Lublin is a multicultural university city, where Jeszywas Chachmej Lublin, the largest Talmudic school in the world, operated before World War II,” he said. “Today the largest Catholic university in Poland refers to and recalls the historical character of the city.”


Hear, O Israel

The celebration began on Monday with the hymn “Shema Israel”, followed by two commentaries.

The Jewish reflection was delivered by cantor Symcha Keller, and the Catholic commentary by Prof. Wojciech Kaczmarek, Director of the Department of Drama and Theater.

The meeting concluded with joint singing by Neocatechumenal and Jewish dicantors.

As Mr. Keller summarized, “Light unites us, rituals divide us, but that does not mean that our differences are negative. Man carries within himself the light that radiates from Hanukkah and the Advent wreath.”


Jewish feast of Hanukkah

Hanukkah is an annual Jewish holiday that lasts eight days, beginning on the 25th of the month of Kislev (according to the Jewish calendar).

It commemorates the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem in 165 BCE. Hanukkah is associated with the rite of lighting lights, candles or oil lamps placed on a special candelabra—the Hanukkah.

The origin of Hanukkah is linked to the events that took place in the Temple in Jerusalem on the 25th day of the month of Kislev 165 or 164 B.C., when the ruler of Syria and Palestine, Antiochus IV of the Hellenistic Seleucid dynasty, sought to force the Jews to abandon their Mosaic customs, traditions and faith and adopt Greek customs.


About the Heschel Center

The Abraham J. Heschel Center for Catholic-Jewish Relations at the Catholic University of Lublin is a scientific and educational unit that aims to deepen Catholic-Jewish relations.

Its patron is Abraham J. Heschel, a Jewish theologian, philosopher and poet. The center was inaugurated in October.

At the end of the General Audience on Wednesday, 19 October 2022, Pope Francis greeted Polish pilgrims and said, "I am pleased that on Monday the Center for Catholic-Jewish Relations was inaugurated in Lublin. I hope that it will foster the enhancement of the common heritage, not only of the two religions, but also of the two peoples.”

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  Radio City Music Hall uses facial recognition to keep out blacklisted guests
Posted by: Stone - 12-22-2022, 07:21 AM - Forum: General Commentary - No Replies

Radio City Music Hall uses facial recognition to keep out blacklisted guests
A mother was kicked out after being detected.

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Reclaimthenet.com | December 21, 2022

A lawyer from New Jersey was not allowed to watch a Christmas show with her daughter at a venue operated by Madison Square Garden Entertainment (MSG) because her employer is involved in litigation with the entertainment giant. The most interesting part of the story is that MSG used facial recognition software to detect her and ban her from the event.

Kelly Conlon had accompanied her daughter’s Girls Scout troop to see the Rockettes perform Christmas Spectacular at Radio City Music Hall in New York. However, she was not allowed to enter the venue because MSG has a policy against allowing any visitor affiliated with a law firm involved in litigation against it. Facial recognition monitors were able to detect her presence.

Conlon does not and has never practiced law in New York. Additionally, she has never been directly involved in litigation against MSG Entertainment. She was only guilty by association because her law firm, Davis, Saperstein, and Solomon, has spent years in litigation against a restaurant that is under MSG Entertainment, according to NBC New York.

Conlon said she was approached by a security guard at the Radio City Music Hall lobby as she was passing through the metal detector. Over the speakers, she heard a warning about a woman in a gray scarf. Then a security guard told her that the warning was about her.

“Our recognition picked you up,” she was told.

She was still escorted out even after telling security that she does not work cases involving MSG.

In a statement, MSG said that the same would have happened to any other lawyer working in her firm and that the firm had been “notified twice” about the policy.

“MSG instituted a straightforward policy that precludes attorneys pursuing active litigation against the Company from attending events at our venues until that litigation has been resolved,” the statement provided to NBC said. “While we understand this policy is disappointing to some, we cannot ignore the fact that litigation creates an inherently adverse environment.”

Only one firm involved in litigation against MSG has successfully sued the entertainment giant over the policy and won. MSG is appealing the decision.

MSG started using facial recognition at its venues in 2018.

Speaking to NBC, Conlon said, “I was just a mom taking my daughter to see a Christmas show,” adding that the experience was “embarrassing” and “mortifying.”

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  Msgr. Domenico Celada (1969): To the Illustrious Assassins of Our Holy Liturgy
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 07:04 AM - Forum: Vatican II and the Fruits of Modernism - Replies (1)

“To the Illustrious Assassins of Our Holy Liturgy”: Msgr. Domenico Celada, 1969

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NLM | October 24, 2022

The following clear-sighted and prophetic letter was penned by the composer, musicologist, organist, and essayist Msgr. Domenico Celada in 1969. It is a document that prophesied what would happen in the Church—all the more relevant today when Traditionis Custodes attempts to stifle fidelity to the Tridentine Rite, without caring about the liturgical degradation that, with the introduction of a new Mass, has been perpetrated and continues dramatically in these times of deep crisis in the Catholic Church. Msgr. Celada’s open letter unmasked (and unmasks) the spirit that animated (and animates) the saboteurs of tradition. Nor did Msgr. Celada, who taught music and history of Gregorian chant at the Lateran University, fail to suffer for his outspokenness: he was removed from all his positions. (Some of the foregoing has been adapted from here.)



To the Illustrious Assassins of Our Holy Liturgy
Msgr. Domenico Celada (1969)

For a long time I have wanted to write to you, illustrious assassins of our holy Liturgy. Not because I hope that my words will have any effect on you, who have too long fallen into the claws of Satan and become his most obedient servants, but so that all those who suffer from the countless crimes committed by you may find their voice again.

Do not deceive yourselves, gentlemen. The atrocious wounds that you have opened in the body of the Church cry out for vengeance before God, the just Avenger.

Your plan to subvert the Church, through the liturgy, is very ancient. Many of your predecessors, much more intelligent than you, tried to carry it out, and the Father of Darkness has already welcomed them into his kingdom. And I remember your anger, your mocking sneer, when, some fifteen years ago, you desired the death of that great Pontiff, the servant of God Eugenio Pacelli, because he had divined your designs and opposed them with the authority of the Triregnum. After that famous conference on “pastoral liturgy,” on which the very clear words of Pope Pius XII had fallen like a sword, you left mystical Assisi foaming with anger and venom.

Now you have succeeded—for now, at least. You have created your “masterpiece”: the New Liturgy.

That this is not the work of God is demonstrated first of all (leaving aside the dogmatic implications) by a very simple fact: it is frighteningly ugly. It is a cult of ambiguity and equivocation, not infrequently a cult of indecency. This is enough to understand that your “masterpiece” does not come from God, the source of all beauty, but from the ancient slasher of God’s works.

Yes, you have deprived the Catholic faithful of the purest emotions, derived from the sublime things that have substantiated the liturgy for millennia: the beauty of words, gestures, music. What have you given us in return? A hodgepodge of ugliness, of grotesque “translations” (as is well known, your father down there has no sense of humor), of gastric emotions aroused by the mewing of electric guitars, of gestures and attitudes that are equivocal to say the least.

But, as if that’s not enough, there is another sign that shows that your “masterpiece” does not come from God. And that is the instruments you have had to use in order to realize it: fraud and lies. You have succeeded in making people believe that a Council had decreed the disappearance of the Latin language, the archiving of the heritage of sacred music, the abolition of the tabernacle, the overturning of the altars, the prohibition of bending the knee before Our Lord present in the Eucharist, and all your other progressive steps, which are part (the lawyers would say) of a “single criminal design.”

You knew very well that the “lex orandi” is also the “lex credendi,” and that, therefore, by changing the one, you would change the other.

You knew that by pointing your poisoned spears at the living language of the Church, you would practically kill the unity of the faith.

You knew that, by decreeing the death of Gregorian chant and sacred polyphony, you could introduce at will all the pseudo-musical indecencies which desecrate divine worship and cast an equivocal shadow over liturgical celebrations.

You knew that by destroying tabernacles, by replacing altars with “tables for the Eucharistic meal,” by denying the faithful the opportunity to bend their knees before the Son of God, you would in short order extinguish faith in the Real Presence.

You have worked with your eyes open. You raged against a monument to which heaven and earth had set their hands, because you knew that with it you were destroying the Church. You went so far as to take away the traditional Holy Mass, even tearing out the heart of the Catholic liturgy—that same Holy Mass for which we were ordained priests, and which no one in the world will ever be able to forbid us, because no one can trample on a natural right.

I know: you may now laugh at what I am about to say. Go ahead, laugh at it. You have gone so far as to remove from the Litany of the Saints the invocation “a flagello terraemotus, libera nos, Domine” [from the scourge of earthquakes, deliver us, O Lord], and never before has the earth trembled at so many latitudes. You have removed the invocation “a spiritu fornicationis, libera nos Domine” [from the spirit of fornication, deliver us, O Lord], and never have we been so covered over as we are now by the mud of immorality and pornography in its most repellent and degrading forms. You have abolished the invocation “ut inimicos sanctae Ecclesiae humiliare digneris” [that you might deign to humiliate the enemies of Holy Church], and never before have the enemies of the Church prospered in all ecclesiastical institutions, at every level.

Laugh, laugh… Your laughter is boisterous and joyless. Certainly none of you know, as we do, the tears of joy and sorrow. You are not even capable of crying. Your bovine eyes, whether glass or metal balls, look at things without seeing them. You are similar to the cows watching the trains pass by. To you I prefer the thief who snatches the gold chain from the child, I prefer the mugger, I prefer the robber with weapons in his fist, I even prefer the brute and the violator of graves. They are people far less dirty than you, who have robbed God’s people of all their treasures.

While we wait for your father down there to welcome you into his kingdom, “where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth,” I want you to know of our unshakeable certainty that those treasures will be returned to us. And it will be a restitutio in integrum [a total restoration]. You have forgotten that Satan is the eternal loser.

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  Solange Hertz: Bring on the Clowns - Stating the Case for a Sacred Language
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 06:39 AM - Forum: Articles by Catholic authors - No Replies

Bring on the Clowns - Stating the Case for a Sacred Language
by Solange Strong Hertz


With the great out-pouring of the Spirit of Vatican II we were promised a deluge of creative reforms unto the quickening of our lazy, outdated spiritual lives. That we have been shaken out of our shoes is simple fact, and if replacing benign lethargy with disgusted consternation is an improvement, large segments of the Catholic laity have made unprecedented progress.  Until these latter days, when had they ever been privileged to see the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass celebrated by a priest vested as a clown, as happened in certain avant-garde quarters soon after the Council?

Many may have been surprised, but not some with a good working knowledge of Latin, who knew what to expect. What sent the clowns tumbling through the liturgy was the Council’s Decree on the Sacred Liturgy. In Chapter III, Article 36, paragraph 3 begins, “It is for the competent territorial ecclesiastical authority to decide whether, and to what extent, the vernacular language is to be used.” No explicit mention of clowns, of course, but they are there nonetheless, solidly packed into the word vernacular, set to jump out on cue as they are wont to do from the tiny car in the well known circus act.

Ironically enough the English word for our everyday tongue is directly derived from a Latin one: vernaculus.  And as you may have guessed, it means “clown.”  It is a diminutive of verna, which designated a slave born in the house, a familiar, and by transference, a native. He was not actually one of the family, but he had grown up in its midst and enjoyed some special privileges not shared by slaves acquired from the outside. Presumably he could make little jokes about family members which would not have been otherwise tolerated. Thus a vernaculus, literally “a little ole slave born in the house” came to mean a jester or a buffoon, low born but funny.  (It is interesting to note that the Romans never referred to their mother tongue as a vernacular, but as their sermo patrius, an august distinction more like a patricular.)

Ergo, we might say that a priest celebrating Mass in the vernacular is not incongruous if nicely got up as a clown. Let loose in the liturgy, the vernacular by its very nature clowns. With one eye always on its audience, it can’t help playing the buffoon around sacred things. Running and jumping as it does through city streets, it has picked up lots of connotations. After all, having the run of TV, brothels, x-rated movies, spicy novels, rock lyrics and tabloids as well as private homes, ball parks, legislatures and other presumably respectable places, it can bring most anything into the sanctuary with it. No worshiper acquainted with the world can ignore its parodies and innuendoes. Solemn liturgical prayer thus infected by the vernacular becomes the “incense of another composition” typified in the Old Law, whose use on the altar was strictly forbidden (Ex.30:9).

But, we have been told ad nauseam, we must have a liturgy the people can understand! Precisely. Words must mean what they are meant to men and not something else, or they are just so many lies. The most beautiful Christian hymns take on all the allure of soap opera when translated into the language of soap operas. Take, for instance, the two basic Christian words “love” and “mystery.” What overtones haven’t they acquired? What is love in popular parlance but cheap emotion, if not worse, bringing into the imagination a host of low connotations? Where is the magnificent caritas of the Fathers in all this? And mystery? Must we have detectives, occultists, aliens from outer space and mangled TV victims upstaging the Victim of the Altar?

One of the sillier ditties in the English language is the singsong, “Sticks and stones can break my bones. But words can never hurt me.”

The truth is that sticks and stones break only bones, whereas words can break hearts and spirits. They can sadden unto death. Was it Socrates who said that using the wrong word harms the soul? Words have power to destroy souls for the very reason that they also have power to mend hearts, rejoice souls and impart life. Common experience teaches what words can do in conveying love or terminating a lifelong friendship. Even if repented, a bad word can produce effects which are ineradicable. In the order of grace and the sacraments, the effects of the simplest words are beyond measuring.

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The power of speech was conferred on man as an attribute of his creation in the divine image. God did not give Adam so awesome a faculty for his own amusement or convenience, to communicate with Eve and his descendants, for even before these came to be Adam at God’s behest had named the animals, who could make sounds, but not words whereby to “name” or understand themselves. Preceding Eve and all her progeny, speech was given through Adam initially and principally to glorify God and converse with Him, and to exercise vicarious dominion over His material works. The Holy Ghost therefore begins St. John’s sublime Gospel by telling us that long before Adam, “In the beginning was the Word,” the divine Logos.

A human word reflects the most intimate activity of the Blessed Trinity, where God the Father, through the Holy Ghost, speaks everything that is or can be in his one co-eternal Word. He produces His idea of himself so perfectly by It that It issues as a consubstantial second Person, his only-begotten Son. The power of speech, of producing words conveying thought, therefore glorifies God in a way similar to the way God glorifies himself. Furthermore, because every human word effects a mysterious union of the material and the spiritual – invisible ideas being thereby clothed and made apprehensible to the senses – it effects an allegory of the Incarnation, foreshadowed by human speech in Eden. It is because God’s Word is truth itself that we were forbidden at Sinai to bear false witness, camouflaging thought by deceptive words, and in due time the Word made Flesh warned us that eventually we must answer for uttering even idle ones.

For the perfectly pure and integrated, if there are such people, perhaps the vernacular is safe to use in liturgical worship, but surely not for the laity plunged daily in the filth of this world. When the layman comes to church to pray he of all people needs a sacred language which is a step removed from his everyday living, one he can use for the same reason that he wears his best clothes on Sunday and the priest dons special vestments, out of reverence for his Eucharistic Lord and the supernatural exercise in which he is engaged. And it must be a language which other Christians like himself can employ, without subjective adulterations, so all can worship together with one mind and heart, in spirit and in truth, speaking the truth in prayer.

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Original sin did not deprive us of our God-given speech. For a long time after the Fall “the earth was of one tongue and of the same speech” (Gen.11:1). It was the sin of Babel which destroyed this priceless legacy of Eden, abandoning mankind to verbal confusion. I remember once confiding my difficulties in mastering Spanish to a Spanish friar having trouble with English. “But child,” he consoled me, raising eyes and arms to heaven, “languages are a ponishment from God!”  Like any other affliction, they must be endured in a spirit of humble atonement.

Not until after the promised Redeemer arrived on earth was the punishment of Babel mitigated. It came with the institution of the Church, the perfect new human society which issued from the side of Christ on the Cross much as Eve had issued from the side of Adam in Eden. Because it would exist in the world as one supernatural communion of persons whose purpose transcended the world, this society had to be given a means of communication for the here and now, but which would not be limited by the here and now. This was necessary to insure the unity of its members, to safeguard its changeless doctrine and to preserve its unique relationship to its Trinitarian God. To the world at large it might speak any language it pleased!

By divine decree, therefore, three languages were specially designated for this purpose, beginning their mission by proclaiming from a sign affixed to the redeeming Cross, “Jesus of Nazareth, King of Judeans” in Hebrew, Greek and Latin. In the fourth century St. Hilary of Poitiers wrote, “It’s mainly in these three languages that the mystery of God’s will was made manifest; and Pilate’s ministry it was to write in advance that the Lord Jesus Christ is the King of the Jews.” Commenting on these lines the great Abbot of Solesmes, Dom Guéranger, favorite target of modernist liturgists, wrote: “Thus God guided the hand of the Roman governor in the choice of the languages appearing on the inscription, as well as the terms in which this was conceived; and His Holy Spirit, speaking to men in the Sacred Scriptures, would also consecrate three languages, those which the Jewish people, gathered from the four winds of heaven for the Passover, could read on the title set above the head of the Redeemer. . . . Christ having come down to redeem us, and His testament in our favor having been opened by His death, according to the mind of the Apostle, the Holy Spirit, inspirer of the Scriptures, gave the books of the New Testament in the three languages of the Cross’ title.” [1]  St. Matthew’s Gospel was written in Hebrew. St. Luke’s, St. John’s, Acts and the Epistles (except perhaps Hebrews) were rendered in Greek, and St. Mark’s in Latin.

From that time forth these three languages shared the paradoxical life of the Christian: Mystically they died to the world, all the while continuing to live in it. Beginning as vernaculars, they retained all their vernacular vitality, with the ability of producing new words as needed, but as befits conveyors of timeless truths, they are vested with the immutability of eternity. As creatures of God they possess “soul,” an active principle which gives them growth and being like all true languages, yet they have been purified, stabilized and raised to special status as vehicles of divine communication. Is it too much to say that like all appurtenances of the Altar, they assume the character and efficacy of sacramentals, that they channel grace in a way denied to vernaculars?

Dom Guéranger believed that God imparted a special efficacy to sacred words entirely independent of the faithful’s understanding of them. He cites a long passage from Origen to this effect: “There are things which seem obscure, which by the mere fact that they penetrate our ears, nonetheless bring great profit to our souls. If the gentiles believed that certain rhymes, which they call incantations, certain names which are not even understood by those invoking them, whispered by practitioners of magic, can put serpents to sleep or draw them out of their deepest pits; if it be said that these words have power to dispel the fevers and ills of the human body, that sometimes they can even throw souls into a kind of ecstasy where faith in Christ does not stop its effects, how much stronger and more powerful must we believe to be the recital of words or names from Holy Writ?

“Just as evil powers among infidels, as soon as they hear these names or formulas, come running to lend a hand to the work to which they feel called in accordance with the words uttered; so much more do the heavenly Virtues and angels of God who are with us – as the Lord taught His Church even in regard to little children – rejoice in hearing from our mouths, like pious incantations, the words and names found in Holy Writ. If we do not understand the words proceeding from our mouths, these Virtues who assist us hear them, and as if invited by a seductive song, hurry to come to our aid.

“It is an incontestable truth that there are a great number of Virtues in our midst, to whom the care of our souls and bodies has been confided. As they are holy, they delight in hearing us read the Scriptures; but their solicitude for us is doubled when we utter words which draw our spirits to prayer, albeit leaving our intellect bereft of light. The holy Apostle said so, and revealed a mystery worthy of man’s admiration when he taught that sometimes it happens that the spirit within us is in prayer while our intellect remains deprived of its function. Thus, by such pious attention, we draw the company and are assured of the help of the divine Virtues, at the same time that by pronouncing these words and name, we repel the attacks of evil powers.” [2]

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The vocabularies of dead languages do not shift and change, sliding treacherously into obsolescence or ambiguity with the shifting contemporary scene, as does worldly palaver. Not tied to any particular time or place, they never go out of style. What they said to the Fathers they still say to us without shadow of alteration. For centuries they served not only the universal Church, but all the cultures of Christendom. Artists, philosophers, doctors, jurists, astronomers, merchants and poets communicated freely in them independently of national boundaries. Teaching in the sacred tongues, universities were attended by students of all ethnic varieties, providing a vast international exchange of knowledge from every corner of the Holy Roman Empire and beyond. Most important, until the end of the twentieth century, the Divine Office and the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass could be attended intelligently and familiarly by Catholics anywhere.

Because the sacred languages provide unshakeable ground to orthodoxy, every serious revolution in modern times has labored to replace them with the vernacular on principle. In the name of the common man, who presumably couldn’t understand them, they were first removed from the secular world, thereby provincializing him and trapping him in his native culture. In our post-Conciliar days, what heretics could not accomplish has been put into practice by the false spirit of Vatican II, which has in effect banished the sacred languages from the parishes. Most religious and laity are now irretrievably cut off from the primary sources of their Faith and Church history because Latin, let alone Greek and Hebrew, are no longer taught in schools or seminaries.  Divorced from any firsthand contact with the past, they are chained to the present at the mercy of translations and made prey to all the bias, deficient scholarship, poor taste and outright heresies of partisans.

There have been other sad losses: to name but one, Gregorian chant. That song of angels was never destined to be joined with any vernacular, but only for union with one chaste spouse, its original Latin. So far there has arisen no modern poet able to render a translation of propers and hymns worthy of introduction into a third rate anthology, let alone one that fits the music. The adulterous combinations so far attempted have proved so painful to ear and psyche, it’s small wonder that Gregorian has all but been abandoned along with its legitimate consort. This is not a question of mere esthetics, for as the old monastic adage has it, he who sings his prayer prays twice. Singing is a celestial activity shared with the angelic hosts. The sung word takes on an added perfection consummated in the wedding of sound and meaning, whereby one enhances the other. Nor can Gregorian be merely sung. To fulfill its true function it must be prayed. Whether the singer understands the words or not is of secondary importance. St. Teresa, a Doctor of the mystical life, knew very little of the Latin she sang in choir every day.

Not only provincial and impure, the vernacular has proved the perfect tool for promoting man-centered, do-it-yourself sentimental worship. Singing hymns inspired by bar room melodies or even a poor translation of Fortunatus’ incomparable Vexilla Regis is certainly not offering God our best. We are saying in effect, “It’s more important for us to understand what we are saying than to offer an inspired masterpiece, canonized by centuries of tradition, to the divine Majesty!” As if the criterion of good liturgy were our own individual feeble grasp of its meaning rather than its suitability to the end it serves.

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Concocting worship to suit ourselves is a typically modernist aberration, ominous preparation for the Antichrist’s liturgy to come.  Manipulating the past to suit their own prejudices, modernists must disregard the fact that God from Adamic times on down has told us exactly how He wishes to be worshipped if we are to be agreeable to Him. Public prayer especially is contrived at our risk. At Sinai, along with the Ten Commandments, Moses was shown in vision every detail of the worship to be offered under the Old Covenant  and warned not to depart in any way from the “pattern on the Mount” (Heb. 8:5). In Apostolic times The Epistle of Barnabas averred that all these ancient prescriptions were in fact an allegory of the perfect Sacrifice which they prefigured. St. Clement’s Letter to the Corinthians, the earliest known text in which the word liturgy is used, lays down the law to the would-be improvisers of those days:
Quote:“We are obliged to carry out in fullest detail what the Master has commanded us to do at stated times. He has ordered the sacrifices to be offered and the liturgies accomplished, and this not in a random and irregular fashion. . . . He has, moreover, himself, by His sovereign will determined where and by whom He wants them to be carried out. Thus all things are done religiously, acceptable to His good pleasure, dependent on His will. . . . Each of us, brethren, must in his own place endeavor to please God with a good conscience, reverently taking care not to deviate from the established service. . .”  [3]

The language in which all this is carried out cannot therefore have been left to the whims of the periti of any age.  St. Basil in his work on the Holy Ghost deems it a necessity to surround sacred things with mystery: “In his wisdom Moses knew that familiar things easily uncovered are exposed to contempt; that those which are rare and isolated from contact excite as if naturally admiration and zeal. Imitating him, the Apostles and Fathers established at the very start certain Church rites and preserved the dignity of the mysteries by secrecy and silence; for that which is conveyed to the ears of the vulgar is no longer a mystery.” [4]

Dom Guéranger concluded “boldly from this fact that there are languages which are sacred and separated from others by divine choice, in order to serve as intermediaries between heaven and earth.”  And again, “In the first place we declare it entirely false that, even in the beginnings of Christianity, the liturgy was ever celebrated in the vulgar tongues of all the peoples among whom the Faith was preached. . . . We dare affirm that until the fourth century Hebrew, Greek and Latin were the only ones used at the altar, which gives them a liturgical dignity utterly unique, and marvelously confirms the principle of sacred, and not vulgar, languages in the liturgy.” [5]

He supports his contention by the authority of St. Robert Bellarmine and theologians of the highest repute of the sixteenth century, with particular emphasis on the censure of the Sorbonne in 1526, leveled against the rationalist Erasmus. In his Paraphrases of the New Testament, Erasmus had deplored the fact that the common people were condemned to muttering prayers they couldn’t understand. To which the august university’s Faculty countered a classic statement of more than passing interest:
Quote:“This proposition, which is of a nature to turn away the simple, the ignorant and women from the vocal prayer prescribed by the rites and customs of the Church, as if such prayer became useless to them the moment they didn’t understand it, is impious, erroneous, and opens the way to the error of the Bohemians, who wanted to celebrate ecclesiastical offices in the vulgar tongue. . . Indeed the intention of the Church in her prayers is not merely to instruct us by the disposition of words, but also by conforming us to her objective, to have us voice the praises of God and plead for our necessities. Seeing this intention in those reciting these prayers, God deigns to kindle their affections, illumine their minds, relieve human weakness and dispense fruits of grace and glory.

“Such also is the intention of those who recite vocal prayers without understanding the words. They are like an ambassador who might not understand a communication his sovereign gave him to relay, but who, transmitting it according to the given order, nonetheless discharges a duty agreeable both to his sovereign and to him to whom he is sent. Moreover, a great number of passages from the Prophets are sung in the Church which, although not understood by the majority of singers, are nevertheless useful and meritorious for those pronouncing them; for in singing them agreeable service is rendered to divine Truth, who taught and revealed them.

“From whence it follows that the fruit of prayer does not consist only in understanding the words, and that it is a dangerous error to think that vocal prayer has no function beyond supplying knowledge of the Faith, whereas this kind of prayer is engaged in primarily to enkindle the affections, so that the soul, by raising itself to God with piety and devotion, may be revived and not frustrated, may obtain what its intention asks for and the intellect may merit enlightenment. Now, all these effects are rich and precious beyond a simple understanding of the words, which is of little use as long as affections in God are not excited.” [6]

Devout prayer requires very few words, if any. In fact our Lord cautioned us not to use too many. The more interior and elevated the prayer, the fewer words. Contemplative prayer, which is the highest use of the human intellect, requires none. The purpose of prayer, after all, is to pray, to contact God, not primarily to understand. Meditating on the verbal contents of the Mass or its related worship are properly speaking intellectual exercises and can take place outside prayer either alone or with others. Missals and commentaries once abounded for this purpose. During Mass we should pray. Who needs to translate every word of the Gloria, for instance, pondering shades of meaning, in order to pray it with the priest? Isn’t the word Gloria sufficient, with the intention of offering this magnificent praise to God? The Novus Ordo of the Mass has surfeited us with chatter. Not even its Canon is blessed with silence in which to concentrate our deepest faculties on the incomparable action which takes place there.

Are we to believe that Holy Mother Church has prescribed the use of dead languages in order to keep her children in ignorance of her mysteries? That understanding what one prays is of no importance? By no means. The Council of Trent lays down that
Quote:“every church will retain its ancient rites approved by the Holy Roman Church, mother and mistress of all churches; but, lest Christ’s sheep suffer hunger and the little children beg for bread and there be no one to break it for them, the holy Council orders pastors and all those having charge of souls often to explain during the celebration of Mass by them or others, something of the formulas read at Mass [i.e., during the sermon]; and among others to expound some of the details regarding the mystery of this Most Holy Sacrifice, especially on Sundays and feast days.” [7]

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Dom Guéranger admits that after the passing of Cardinal Bona in the seventeenth century, “The Church modified her customs. . . but she could not abandon the principle. . . . The same depth always remains in the mysteries, the same weakness and the same dangers in the heart of man which is ever inclined earthward.” [8]  Indeed the infamous Council of Pistoia, which anticipated the French Revolution by three years, and the Second Vatican Council by a century and three quarters, came close to establishing a new vernacularized religion. Fortunately it was energetically denounced in 1794 by Pius VI in the Bull Auctorem Fidei.

Among the many propositions condemned was one which voiced “the desire to see the liturgy restored to greater simplicity,” also to see it translated into the vernacular and recited aloud. Another, likewise condemned, affirmed it to be “contrary to the practice of the Apostles and the designs of God, not to supply the people with the easiest means of joining their voice with the voice of the Church,” i.e., by introducing the vernacular. The Council of Trent had already declared anathema “anyone who says that the Mass ought to be said in the vernacular only,” adhering to the principle that, “Although  the Mass contains much instruction for the faithful, it has nevertheless not seemed expedient to the Fathers that it be celebrated everywhere in the vernacular.” [9]

The qualification “celebrated everywhere” was necessary here, for there had already been one notable exception: In the ninth century Pope John VIII had granted a concession to some Slavs to celebrate the liturgy in their native Slavonic. Writing to their great evangelizers Sts. Cyril and Methodius in 879, this pope had declared, “We have also noted that you are celebrating Mass in the barbarian tongue. . . That is why we have already forbidden you to do so in our letters addressed to you through Paul, Bishop of Ancona. You must therefore celebrate in either Latin or Greek, as does the Church of God which is spread throughout the earth and in all the nations.”

A weak pope in the judgment of ecclesiastical historians like Baronius, John eventually yielded to pressure and reversed his stand, granting liturgical status to the Slavic vernacular in Moravia. Dom Guéranger laments,

Quote:“Such examples of weakness on the Chair of Peter are rare, but history records them, and the children of the Church have no interest in dissimulating them, for they know that He who has guaranteed infallibility to the Roman pontiffs in the teaching of the Faith, has not preserved them from all fault in the exercise of the supreme government.”

He allows that the concession to the Slavs may have had some good short term results in speeding their conversion, but believed it to have fed schism in the long run.

After Hildebrand ascended the Chair of Peter as the great Gregory VII, the Duke of Bohemia requested the same concession for his people. He was stoutly refused. Although St. Gregory did not revoke the former permission, in 1080 he seized the occasion to lay down some principles in a letter to the Duke:
Quote:“For those who have seriously pondered the question, it is obvious that it was not without reason that it was pleasing to Almighty God that Scripture remain hidden in certain places lest, being accessible to the sight of all, it become familiar and exposed to scorn, or furthermore, that being misunderstood by some mediocre minds, it be an occasion of error to them.

“It is no excuse to say that certain religious [i.e., Sts. Cyril and Methodius] have suffered with condescension the desires of a people full of simplicity, or did not think it expedient to remedy the situation; for the primitive Church herself covered over many things which the holy Fathers later corrected after submitting them to serious examination. That is why, by the authority of blessed Peter, we forbid putting into practice what your people imprudently ask of Us, and for the honor of Almighty God, we enjoin you to oppose this vain temerity with all your strength.”

These words have a strange ring today.

In the twentieth century Pius XII continued the battle in his encyclical Mediator Dei,  where he warned against exaggerating the external elements of liturgy, given that “the chief element of divine worship must be interior.” He deplored
Quote:“the temerity and daring of those who introduce novel liturgical practices, or call for the revival of obsolete rites out of harmony with prevailing laws and rubrics. . . We instance . . . those who make use of the vernacular in the celebration of the august Eucharistic Sacrifice. . . . The use of the Latin language, customary in a considerable portion of the Church, is a manifest and beautiful sign of unity, as well as an effective antidote for any corruption of doctrinal truth” (Par. 59-60).

Nonetheless he conceded, “In spite of this, the use of the mother tongue in connection with several of the rites may be of much advantage to the people,” and the breach was made. The Second Vatican Council reiterated the ancient tradition to the extent that, “Particular law remaining in force, the use of the Latin language is to be preserved in the Latin rites.[10] It also laid down that seminarians “should acquire a command of Latin which will enable them to understand and use the source material of so many sciences, and the documents of the Church as well.”[11] But wide liberties were accorded to “the use of the mother tongue,” to be determined by “competent territorial ecclesiastical authority,” subject to papal approval. [12]

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With that, the flood gates were opened, and today Catholics must cope with the liturgical chaos that prevails throughout their Church today. Bring on the clowns! But God will not be mocked in His desire for sacred languages in His worship.  Incredible as it may seem, the Byzantine Uniates who have been using the old Slavonic vernacular for centuries are prominent among those rushing to vernacularize. Why? Because the Slavonic vernacular which Pope John VIII permitted them a thousand years ago has become a “dead” language! In prolonged intimate contact with the Christian mysteries, it died to the world long ago like the old Greek it supplanted.

To some degree the same fate seems to be overtaking the Elizabethan English used in Anglican rites since the Reformation. It too began dying to the world and today is spoken and heard by the average person only in church services.  Yet all the while modern English was developing, it remained staunchly at its post as the special medium of the  Anglican liturgy and survives intact.  If sufficient time remains for them, it may be interesting to see what happens to the crowd of vernaculi  now clowning and tumbling around the Altar of God throughout the rest of the world.

Alas, Babel casts a long shadow, almost like a second original sin, and we must continue to struggle with the consequences, not only in our relations with God, but  at all levels of existence. About a decade before the Council, I was asked to escort through Manila a Japanese Trappist Abbot en route from Japan to his General Chapter in France. We visited the venerable church of St. Augustine (the only one the war had left standing within the old Spanish Intramuros), and ended up talking with the Spanish Augustinian Superior and two sightseeing Vietnamese seminarians. Everything went swimmingly – in Latin. I didn’t catch all of it, but I was terribly flattered at being included, letting my schoolgirl declensions fall where they would. God, it seems, had mitigated Babel just for us Catholics, religious and lay alike, if we cared to avail ourselves of the dispensation. “Valete,” we all said when we finished, and I drove the Abbot back to his ship, a French liner waiting at the dock.

On board ship to see him off, things were different, and the mystique of Babel closed in. Our final farewells were said in the company of a Spanish lady catechist and a Filipino gentleman. The Abbot spoke French and Japanese. The señora spoke Spanish and a little French. The Filipino spoke English, Spanish and Tagalog.  I spoke French and English. Our conversation was something like musical chairs, with somebody always left out. The UN had nothing on us except simultaneous translators and headphones; we were all Catholics, meeting once in our lives and eager to communicate. After a half hour of gesticulating, however, we had finally come to the consensus that it was a beautiful day and Manila had a lovely harbor.

Bonita!” said the Spanish lady. “Très beau!” said the Abbot. “Beautiful – très beau!,” said I. “Bonita, beautiful” said the Filipino gentleman. I doubt that I would ever have remembered these memorable words except for the striking contrast they presented with the previous scene at St. Augustine’s, where conversation flowed unhindered.  When time came to say goodbye, we just waved, smiled and left. We were exhausted. The vernacular movement, which in those days was just making its appearance in the Church,  lost me for good, and when a couple of years later Pope Pius XII issued his directive confirming Latin as the liturgical language, I for one was profoundly grateful.

At the risk of laboring the point, the vernacular is only for people who never mean to stray beyond their national boundaries or their dictionaries. It certainly can’t be for Catholics, whose Church has a divine mandate to “teach all nations.” The vernacular is by nature reactionary. In the past it has proved a ready made tool for heresy and chauvinism in fragmenting the Church and dismantling Christendom. Catholics who traveled extensively before the Council always returned with a strong sense of Church unity. “Everywhere I went,” they would say, “it was always the same Mass!” Now, unless they are master linguists, it has become incomprehensible outside their native countries.

Isn’t it ironic that Mother Church, the single largest international force for world peace, should be prevailed upon to discard her international languages on the very eve of the engulfing globalization now in progress? When a common means of communication has become absolutely vital to world unity? The Antichrist, who is busily at work building his new global kingdom, is not so foolish. Even now, under pressure of world economics, he is forging his own substitute for Latin, setting everyone to learning modern English, his chosen medium for international communication and the key to success for anyone who wants to get ahead.



[1]  Dom Prosper Guéranger, Institutions Liturgiques 1840-1851,  extracts by Jean Vaquié, Diffusion de la Pensée Française, 1977, p. 241.
[2] Op. cit., pp. 245-6.
[3] Quoted in Louis Bouyer, Liturgical Piety, Notre Dame Press, 1954, p. 33.
[4] Op. cit., p. 77.
[5] Institutions Liturgiques, p. 240.
[6] Quoted, op. cit., pp. 256-7.
[7] Conc. Trid. Sess. XXII, cap. VIII.
[8] Institutions Liturgiques, p. 240.
[9] Conc. Trid. Sess. XXII, cap. IX;  Council of Trent, Doctrine on the Most Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, VIII, Denzinger 946 (1749),
[10] Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, III,36, par. 2,3.
[11]  Decree on Priestly Formation, V, 13.
[12] Sacred Liturgy, III,36, par. 2,3.

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  As a 'Gesture of Ecumenical Dialogue' Vatican to return to Greece Sculptures from Parthenon
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 06:20 AM - Forum: Pope Francis - No Replies

Pope Francis orders return to Greece of Parthenon sculptures held in Vatican

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One of the three fragments of Parthenon Sculptures housed by the Vatican Museum that Pope Francis decided to return to Athens, is displayed in this undated photo provided by Vatican Museum. Credit: Vatican Museum/Handout/Reuters

CNN [adapted] |  18th December 2022


Pope Francis has decided to return to Greece three 2,500-year-old pieces of the Parthenon that have been in the papal collections of the Vatican Museums for more than a century.

The Vatican said in a brief statement on Friday that the pope was giving them to Ieronymos II, the head of the Greek Orthodox Church, as a gesture of ecumenical dialog with the Roman Catholic Church.

The Parthenon, which is on the Acropolis in Athens, was completed in the fifth century BC as a temple to the goddess Athena, and its decorative friezes contain some of the greatest examples of ancient Greek sculpture.

It was not immediately clear what plans Ieronymos had for the small sculptures.

According to the Vatican Museums website, one piece is the head of the horse that was pulling Athena's chariot on the west side of the building. The others are from the head of a boy and the head of a bearded male.

They have been in the Vatican since the 19th century.

The pieces are being returned to Greece as London and Athens continue to battle over the so-called Elgin Marbles.

Greek Culture Minister Lina Mendoni expressed her gratitude to Pope Francis "for the generous decision," saying in a statement that it supported the government's efforts for the return of the marbles from the British Museum.

Greece has repeatedly called for the permanent return of the 2,500-year-old sculptures, which British diplomat Lord Elgin removed from the Parthenon temple in the early 19th century when he was ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Greece's then-ruler.

The British Museum has always ruled out returning the marbles, which include about half of the 160-meter (525-foot) frieze that adorned the Parthenon, and insists they were legally acquired.

Earlier this month a Greek newspaper reported that a deal to return the marbles to Greece was close, but the Greek government said it was not imminent.

In March, the United Nations' cultural agency UNESCO urged Greece and Britain to reach a settlement.

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  CNN: See How Lab-Grown Meat is Made
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 06:06 AM - Forum: Health - Replies (1)

'We don't have to grow the whole animal:' See how lab-grown meat is made


What if you could eat meat without killing or farming animals? Investors in the cultivated meat industry believe this is not only possible but will one day be profitable. CNN visits Ivy Farm Technologies to taste a lab-grown product that their scientists have been developing for years.

Video: https://www.cnn.com/videos/business-food...rig-tp.cnn

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  Abp. Viganò: Trump’s endorsement of LGBTQ Republicans is a grave mistake
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 06:02 AM - Forum: Archbishop Viganò - No Replies

Abp. Viganò: Trump’s endorsement of LGBTQ Republicans is a grave mistake
The Republican Party is recklessly pursuing a minority of voters who are indulging in lifestyles that are contrary to the Commandments and to the common good.


Dec 20, 2022
(LifeSiteNews) — A large scandal has been created, as well as discouragement, upon learning the news of the gala event hosted by President Donald J. Trump for openly homosexual supporters of the Republican Party. This endorsement of LGBTQ ideology is even more serious if one considers that, only two days previously, Joe Biden signed the “Respect for Marriage Act” which recognizes the legal validity of so-called homosexual marriages in the United States, in violation of the Natural Law and also the Law of God.

The Democratic Party is totally anti-Christian and obstinately determined to implement the globalist agenda of the New World Order. On the other hand, the Republican Party is recklessly pursuing a minority of voters who are indulging in lifestyles that are contrary to the Commandments and to the common good. American Catholics find themselves today in the impossible situation of being represented by a political class that is revealing itself to be completely incapable of representing and expressing Catholic convictions in moral and religious matters. This causes voters to become disaffected, which is added to electoral fraud and scandals that are emerging about media censorship and the manipulation of electoral consensus.

Up until now, certain aspects of the political platform of the Republican Party were able to be overlooked to some extent due to the much more serious threat embodied by the Democratic Party. But it is now evident that the action of the deep state has contaminated the entire political elite without distinction, even involving Donald Trump, who up until now seemed to be a source of hope for the future of the United States.

A nation that offends the Law of God cannot hope to be blessed by the Lord, and those who support sinful lifestyles ought to think of the Judgment that awaits them rather than pleasing those who are corrupt in a calculated effort to win votes. This nonchalance in political action by Republicans is no less harmful than the open opposition to the perennial Magisterium of the Church on the part of Democrats.

I urge American Catholics to pray, asking the Lord to enlighten politicians of sound principles, urging them to fight with courageous commitment for the defense of the Natural Law and the Commandments of God.

+ Carlo Maria Viganò, Archbishop,
former Apostolic Nuncio to the United States of America
December 20, 2022

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  Ven. Louis of Granada: Remedies Against Anger and Hatred
Posted by: Stone - 12-21-2022, 05:28 AM - Forum: The Saints - No Replies

Remedies Against Anger and Hatred
by Venerable Louis of Granada, O.P.


Anger is an inordinate desire of revenge.

Against this vice the Apostle strongly speaks: "Let all bitterness and anger, and indignation and clamor, and blasphemy be put away from you, with all malice. And be ye kind one to another, merciful, forgiving one another, even as God hath forgiven you in Christ" (Eph. 4:31-32). And Our Savior Himself tells us: "Whosoever is angry with his brother shall be in danger of the judgment. And whosoever shall say, thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire" (Matt. 5:22).

When this furious enemy assails you, let the following considerations help you overcome its movements: Consider, first, that even beasts live at peace with their kind. Elephants do not war upon one another; sheep live peaceably in one fold, and cattle go together in herds. We see the cranes taking by turns the place of guard at night. Storks, stags, dolphins, and other creatures do the same. Who does not know of the friendship between the ants and the bees? Even the wildest animals live united among themselves. One lion is rarely known to attack another, neither will a tiger devour one of his kind. Yes, even the infernal spirits, the first authors of all discord, are united in a common purpose—the perversion of mankind.

Man alone, for whom peace is most fitting, lives at enmity with his fellow men and indulges in implacable hatred. All animals are born with weapons for combat. The bull has horns; the boar has tusks; the bird has a beak and claws; the bee has a sting; and even the tiny fly or other insect has the power to bite. But man, destined to live at peace with his fellow creatures, comes into the world naked and unarmed. Reflect, then, how contrary to your rightful nature it is to seek to be revenged upon one of your kind, to return evil for evil, particularly by making use of weapons which nature has denied you.

In the second place, a thirst for vengeance is a vice which befits only savage beasts. You belie your origin, you disgrace your decent, when you indulge in ungovernable rage, worthy only of a wild animal. Aelian tells of a lion that had been wounded by an African in a mountain defile. A year after, when this man passed the same way in the suite of King Juba, the lion, recognizing him, rushed among the royal guards, and, before he could be restrained, fell upon his enemy and tore him to pieces. Such is the model of the angry, vindictive man. Instead of calming his fierce rage by the power of reason, that noble gift which he shares with the angels, he abandons himself to the blind impulse of passions which he possesses in common with the brutes.

If it be hard to subdue your anger, excited by an injury from one of your fellow creatures, consider how much more God has borne from you and how much He has endured for you. Were you not His enemy when He shed the last drop of His blood for you? And behold with what sweetness and patience He bears with your daily offenses against Him, and with what mercy and tenderness He receives you when you return to Him.

If anger urges that your enemy does not deserve forgiveness, ask yourself how far you have merited God's pardon. Will you have God exercise only mercy toward you, when you pursue your neighbor with implacable hatred? And if it be true that your enemy does not deserve pardon from you, it will be equally true that you do not deserve pardon from God. Remember that the pardon which man has not merited for himself, Christ has superabundantly merited for him. For love of Him, therefore, forgive all who have offended you.

Be assured, moreover, that as long as hatred predominates in your heart you may make no offering which will be acceptable to God, who has said: "If thou offer thy gift at the altar, and there thou remember that thy brother hath anything against thee, leave there thy offering before the altar, and go first to be reconciled to thy brother, and then coming thou shalt offer thy gift" (Matt. 5:23-24). Hence you can realize how grievous is the sin of enmity among men, since it causes an enmity between God and us, and destroys the merit of all our good works. "We gain no merit from good works," says St. Gregory, "if we have not learned to endure injuries with patience."

Consider also that the fellow creature whom you hate is either a just man or a sinner. If a just man, it is certainly a great misfortune to be the declared enemy of a friend of God. If a sinner, it is no less deplorable that you should undertake to punish the malice of another by plunging your own soul into sin. And if your neighbor in his turn seeks vengeance for the injury you inflict upon him, where will your enmities end? Will there be any peace on the earth?

The Apostle teaches us a more noble revenge when he tells us "not to be overcome by evil, but to overcome evil by good" (Rom. 12:21). That is, to triumph by our virtues over the vices of our brethren. In endeavoring to be revenged upon a fellow creature you are often disappointed and vanquished by anger itself. But if you overcome your passion, you gain a more glorious victory than he who conquers a city. Our noblest triumph is won by subduing ourselves, by subjecting our passions to the empire of reason.

Besides these, reflect on the fatal blindness into which this passion leads man. Under the cover of justice or right, how often does it drive him to excess which cause him a lifelong remorse!

The most efficacious, the sovereign remedy against this vice is to pluck from your heart inordinate love of self and of everything that pertains to you. Otherwise the slightest word or action directed against you or your interests will move you to anger. The more you are inclined to this vice the more persevering you should be in the practice of patience. Accustom yourself, as far as you can, calmly to face the contradictions and disappointments you are likely to encounter, and their effect upon you will thus be greatly diminished.

Make a firm resolution never to speak or act under the influence of anger, nor to heed any suggestions, however plausible, which your heart may urge at such moments. Never act until your anger has subsided, or until you have once or twice repeated the Our Father or some other prayer. Plutarch tells of a wise man who, on taking leave of a monarch, advised him never to speak or act in anger, but to wait until he had repeated to himself the letters of the alphabet. Learn a lesson from this, and avoid the evil consequences of acting from the impulse of anger.


Ven. Louis of Granada. "Remedies Against Anger and Hatred," from The Sinner's Guide. TAN Books (1985).

Venerable Louis of Grenada is a celebrated theologian and writer. He joined the Dominican order at the age of 19 and immediately displayed a profound spiritual character. Venerable Louis Grenada became well-know for all of his ascetic writings including The Sinner's Guide, which many have rivaled with Kempis' Imitation of Christ.

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  First-ever Translation of a Programmatic 1949 Article by Bugnini
Posted by: Stone - 12-20-2022, 09:57 AM - Forum: Vatican II and the Fruits of Modernism - Replies (4)

“For a General Liturgical Reform”: First-ever Translation of a Programmatic 1949 Article by Annibale Bugnini
(Part 1)


[Image: Bugs&Pac.jpg]


NLM | November 16, 2022

NLM is very grateful to Carlo Schena for translating a text of crucial importance in understanding the history of the twentieth-century liturgical reforms, one that has apparently never been translated into English before. It is Annibale Bugnini’s programmatic article “Per una riforma liturgica generale,” published in the year 1949 (!) in Ephemerides Liturgicae vol. 63, pp. 166–84. The Italian text may be found transcribed (not without typographical errors) here. Mr. Schena worked from the original article, a facsimile of which may be found here. We will be publishing it in five parts. It goes without saying that this article is nothing less than a manifesto in favor of a massive overhaul of the entire liturgical life of the Church, the steps of which were to follow in due sequence from the experimental Easter Vigil of 1951 through the Holy Week and rubrical overhauls of 1955, the new code of rubrics in 1960, the 1962 editio typica missal, the postconciliar adaptations of 1965 and 1967, the Novus Ordo Missae of 1969, and so forth, through all the other liturgical books. The principles behind all of this were given here by Bugnini in 1949. – PAK



For a General Liturgical Reform
Annibale Bugnini

For some time now, there have been frequent discussions about the possible reform of liturgical books, especially the Roman Breviary. These honest intentions are desires that appear to be favoured by the most recent studies and editions of the liturgical books. Now, in reality, rather than any particular reform (i.e., mainly of the Breviary), one must more correctly speak of a general reform [of the liturgy], at which also Pope Pius X aimed.

As far as “the defence of the ancient codices and monuments” is concerned, although there is still a long way to go, some progress has nevertheless been made, so that now it does not seem that one can charge with audacious presumption those who, in their turn, undertook the beginning of this same [general] reform.

Ephemerides Liturgicae published in 1929, with the benign approval of those to whom it pertained, R. D. Schmid’s dissertation on a rationale for reforming the Roman Breviary. The Supreme Pontiff Pius XII seemed once again to encourage liturgical scholars to make the Roman Breviary their study (cf. Ephem. lit. 60 [1946]: 2 and 61 [1947]: 99).

And so, this wish was transmitted by the moderators of Ephemerides, at the beginning of last year, to their collaborators and to friends of the liturgy, so as diligently to collect amendments, wishes, and intentions, and to put them in writing. We are now collecting these responses together, making a selection, and publishing them. [1]

*      *      *

Last year, the editors of our Review, making some remarks on recent events concerning the liturgy, hoped that the reform begun by Pius X would be resumed in order to continue and complete it in line with the programme given to it by the Holy Pontiff (cf. Ephem. lit. 62 [1948]: 3–4). Certain clues, such as the new [Bea] translation of the Psalter ordered by the Holy Father Pius XII happily reigning, and authorised for use in the public and private recitation of the Divine Office, as well as the repeatedly expressed encouragements, gave good hope for a resumption of the work, which would have to possess a more distinctly pastoral tendency (as one could gather from the several concessions and indults of recent times) in view of a lightening up of the liturgical apparatus and a more realistic adjustment to the concrete needs of clergy and faithful in the changed conditions of today. Such reasons led the editors of the journal to invite their collaborators and friends to express their thoughts on the matter.

The invitation was extended, in a wholly private and confidential manner, so that a fairly exact idea of the real aspirations of the clergy of various categories could be gained: university professors, seminary teachers, priests in care of souls, directors of [charitable] institutions, brothers of different orders and congregations, missionaries, etc. In particular, we invited people who, because of their ministry—such as preaching to the clergy, serving as lecturers, directing houses of [spiritual] exercises, etc.—are often in contact with many clerics. Consideration was also given to the individual nations, so that all, roughly speaking, would be represented.

The proposals ranged from the most traditionalist to the most advanced positions. Some simply stuck to the submitted questionnaire, while others elaborated veritable dissertations. Some tried to establish a reform on a set of principles, others focused on details while neglecting the whole. For evident and obvious reasons, as the invitation letter expressly noted, we cannot publish the answers in full. We would have to print a massive volume, with the disadvantage of seeing the same things repeated dozens of times in different terms. We will attempt to give as succinct a report as possible, trying not to leave out anything that has been proposed, even if more than one suggestion shows weak, defective, and unacceptable aspects. We will then draw some conclusions, modestly expressing our own personal thoughts.

We would also like to warn that we shall, for the time being, only give the results of the referendum on questions regarding the approach to a presumable general reform and a reform of the Breviary, leaving for a later date those concerning the other liturgical books.

First of all, a word on the title of this report: “general reform.” In the present state of affairs, indeed, can one think of an only partial reform—for instance, of the Breviary alone, to mention the most discussed point—without considering the other parts of the liturgy: the Missal, the Ritual, the Pontifical, the ecclesiastical year, etc.? We don’t think so.

Nor does an excellent liturgist, who writes:
Quote:A desirable reform of the Roman Breviary—or, more precisely, a revision of the liturgical celebration of feasts and mysteries by means of the Mass and the Divine Office, fully adapted to the spiritual needs of modern Christianity, to the day’s public and private conditions—could not be fruitfully achieved in the present state of uncertainty with regard to liturgical legislation as such. Since the nineteenth century at least, we have been living on a compromise, inappropriately called the “Roman Rite,” between the pontifical rite personally celebrated by the Pope in the Vatican or at the Lateran, the basilican rite of the great Roman churches, the episcopal rite of the Latin cathedrals of the West, the monastic conventual uses and the uses of chapte
rs of canons, the needs of the parish ministry in urban or rural areas, and the needs of the private devotion of isolated priests or missionaries.

Thus, in its present state, the liturgy is a mosaic, or, if you like, an old building, built up little by little, at different times, with different materials and by different hands. If now one wants to remove or change (“modernize”) one or the other part, all the rest begins to crumble or no longer fits in with the restored part.

Indeed, even Pius X had the idea of gradually attaining a general reform. It must be added that certain pastoral problems, which at the time were only just beginning to be felt, have now taken on such proportions and have become so pressing that any failure to recognise them, to take them into account or to attempt a solution, would be the same as condemning the liturgy, the Church’s living prayer, to sterility or to an ineffective archaeologism. That is why we think that a liturgical reform will either be general or end up pleasing no one, as it would leave things as they are with their deficiencies, inconsistencies, and difficulties.


1. PRINCIPLES

The purported reform, in order to be organic and unitary, and thus lasting, should start from clear and well-defined principles.

One contributor formulates them as follows:
Quote:a) thetical principle: “melior est conditio possidentis” [the better condition, the one to be favoured, is that of the possessor], i.e., of tradition, which is to be presumed good, until it is proven bad, that is to say, less useful;

b) antithetical principle: one must keep to the brevity and simplicity of the divine command: “Sic orabitis: Pater noster...” [Thus shall you pray: Our Father…];

c) synthetic principle: one must do the one and not omit the other, i.e., preserve tradition and do not fear simplification.

Others state that “the reform must be conceived as a return to the primitive tradition of the celebration of the Christian mystery rather than as a compromise between this celebration [placed] in a subordinate position and the devotional superfetations [2] that have disarticulated it over the centuries.”

Hence the following principles [are to be followed]:

1) the predominance of the Temporal cycle over the Sanctoral;
2) the typical office infra hebdomadam [is to be] the 3-lesson weekday;
3) preservation of the strictly local character of the cultus of saints;
4) avoidance of the multiplication of “idea feasts”; [3]
5) avoiding the continual repetition of “commons.”[4]

There were those who, impressed “by the body of the general rubrics, burdened by the subsequent and often contradictory commentaries of the probati auctores [approved authors], so much so as to represent a whole that is more complicated than the ancient Corpus Iuris,” felt that a general reform must necessarily be preceded by a “methodical codification.”

But one should bear in mind that, genetically speaking, the rubric follows the text and not vice versa, and that, out of the principles on which the reform is to be based, laws may be deduced that will fix for the future every movement, addition, or suppression in the already-fixed body of the liturgical prayer Ordinary. Fundamentally, it seems to me that the question should be more of [arriving at] a few clear principles, to inspire and dictate the broad lines of the reform, instead of [elaborating] particular norms regulating one or another point of the various parts of the liturgy. Once the broad outlines have been established, the new rubrics can gradually be proposed, thus becoming automatically an integral part of the “methodical codification.”


To be continued...


[NOTES]

[1] This portion of the article is in Latin, while the remainder is in Italian: “Inde a brevi tempore crebrae disceptationes editae sunt super eventuali reformatione librorum liturgicorum, praesertim Breviari Romani. Iusta proposita sunt desideria, cui studia recentiora et textuum liturgicorum editiones favere videntur. Nunc vero magis quam cuiusdam reformationis, praecipue pro Breviario, rectius loqui necesse est de reformatione generali, quam etiam Pius Papa X intendebat. Ad ‘praesidium optimorum codicum et veterum monumentorum’ quod attinet, etsi adhuc longa restat via, aliquod tamen iter factum est, ita ut nunc de audaci praesumptione reprehendendi non videantur qui eiusdem reformationis incoeptus rursus aggressi fuerint. Ephemerides Liturgicae a. 1929 publici iuris fecerunt (illis, ad quos spectabat, benigne annuentibus) dissertationem R. D. Schmid de ratione reformandi Breviarium Romanum. Summus Pontifex Pius XII liturgiae cultores ad studium Breviarii Romani iterum impellere visus est (cf. Ephem. lit. 60 [1946] 2 et 61 (1947] 99). Hoc itaque optatum Ephemeridum moderatores ad suos adlaboratores et ad amicos liturgiae initio anni preteriti transmiserunt, ut emendationes, desiderata ac proposita sedulo colligerent a scriptis significarent. Quas responsiones nunc in unum seligendo colligimus, et publici juris facimus.

[2] Superfetation (also spelled superfoetation) is the simultaneous occurrence of more than one stage of developing offspring in the same animal. Here, it seems to be a pejorative term that means the ongoing insertion of elements in the liturgy that are foreign to the original “conception.”

[3] The so-called Ideenfeste: relatively newer feasts centered on dogmas or other doctrinal and devotional themes (e.g. Corpus Christi, the Immaculate Conception, Christ the King, Sacred Heart, the Most Precious Blood, the Holy Family), as opposed to the more ancient feasts recalling the principal events of salvation history.

[4] E.g., the Common of Martyrs, the Common of Doctors, the Common of Virgins, etc.

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  Why the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass is Offered at the Hour of Terce
Posted by: Stone - 12-20-2022, 08:33 AM - Forum: Church Doctrine & Teaching - No Replies

[Image: LmpwZw]


Dom Gueranger's The Liturgical Year, Monday within the Octave of Corpus Christi, discussing the work of the Holy Ghost in the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass (Volume X, pg. 351):

Quote:"'The priest,' says St. John Chrysostom, 'comes forth, carrying, not fire, as under the Law, but the Holy Ghost.' It is a man who appears before us, but it is God who works.' 'How shall this be done?' said Mary to the angel, 'for I know not man.' Gabriel answers her: 'The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Most High shall overshadow thee.' 'And thou now askest me,' says St. John Damascene to an inquirer, 'how do the bread and wine and water become the Body and Blood of Christ?' I answer thee: 'The Holy Ghost overshadows the Church, and achieves this mystery, which is beyond all word and all imagination.'

Therefore it is that, as St. Fulgentius observes, the Church could not more seasonably pray for the coming of the Holy Ghost, than at the consecration of the Sacrifice, wherein, as under the shadow of the Spirit in the Virgin's womb the Wisdom of the Father united Himself with the Man chosen by Him for the divine espousal, so the Church herself is united by the Holy Ghost to Christ, as a bride is to her spouse, or the body to its head. It is on account of this that the hour of Terce (nine o'clock), the hour wherein the divine Paraclete came into this world (at Pentecost), is the one set apart by the Church, on each of her festivals, for the solemn celebration of the great Sacrifice, over which this blessed Spirit presides in the omnipotence of His operation."


Adapted from here.

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  EU funds test of biometric payments from digital wallets
Posted by: Stone - 12-20-2022, 08:04 AM - Forum: Global News - No Replies

EU funds test of biometric payments from digital wallets
The proposed future.


Reclaim the Net.com | December 19, 2022


The EU Commission will provide funds to a consortium whose job is to launch a payments pilot for the bloc’s digital ID wallet.

The NOBID (Nordic-Baltic eID Project) has been chosen to head a multi-national consortium comprising a number of companies such as Thales and iProov, who are expected to start the pilot focusing on payments – one of four EU digital identity pilots – in March 2023.

“iProov is delighted that the NOBID consortium has been awarded funding and chosen to proceed with the pilot,” said Andrew Bud, founder and CEO of iProov. “This project will prove biometric-enabled Verifiable Credentials can address the emerging challenges of the increasingly complex world of payments.”

[Image: Reclaim-2022-12-19-at-19.45.49.jpg]

Other than the two companies, what is referred to as “technological partners” includes Signicat, RB, Auðkenni, IPZS, Poste Italiane, Intesi Group, InfoCert, FBK and Latvian State Radio, and Television Center.

NOBID consists of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden, while, as previously announced, six states will make up the consortium – Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, and Norway.

[Image: Reclaim-2022-12-19-at-19.59.37.jpg]

They have been entrusted by the Commission to “pilot and shape” the future of digital payments and identity for EU’s 27 member countries. The funding will come from the EU Commission’s DIGITAL Europa Program.

In addition, banks and financial companies from Germany, Norway, Denmark, Italy, and Iceland will also be involved (DSGV, DNB and BankID, Nets, Intesa Sanpaolo, PagoPA and ABILab. and Greiðsluveitan), with the consortium tasked with developing the pilot backed by several digital government agencies and technology providers, NOBID announced.

[Image: Reclaim-2022-12-19-at-19.59.48.jpg]

NOBID representatives are convinced that they already have enough experience to produce a large-scale payments pilot, which is described as a top priority in the EU’s “vision” of its future digital ID wallet.

NOBID also said that the payments pilot will be based on existing infrastructure, to provide payment issuance, instant payments, account-to-account transfers, and payment acceptance both in-store and online.

Last month, the EU claimed its digital ID wallet will be ready in 2024, centralizing citizens’ identity documents such as national ID, driving license and bank accounts.

The criticism of the scheme comes both from privacy advocates and companies. EDRi (European Digital Rights), an association of civil and human rights groups, said it would be unconstitutional and illegal in several countries, such as Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands.

Meanwhile, companies worry about the cost of integrating the digital ID wallet with their infrastructure.

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  St. Alphonsus Liguori: 50 Maxims for Perfection
Posted by: Stone - 12-20-2022, 07:31 AM - Forum: The Saints - No Replies

Saint Alphonsus’ 50 Maxims for Attaining Perfection
Adapted from here.

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To desire ardently to increase in the love of Jesus Christ.
Often to make acts of love towards Jesus Christ. Immediately on waking, and before going to sleep, to make an act of love, seeking      always to unite your own will to the will of Jesus Christ.
Often to meditate on his Passion.
Always to ask Jesus Christ for his love.
To communicate often, and many times in the day to make spiritual Communions.
Often to visit the Most Holy Sacrament.
Every morning to receive from the hands of Jesus Christ himself your own cross.
To desire Paradise and death, in order to be able to love Jesus Christ perfectly and for all eternity.
Often to speak of the love of Jesus Christ.
To accept contradictions for the sake of Jesus Christ. [especially relevant today]
To rejoice in the happiness of God.
To do that which is most pleasing to Jesus Christ, and not to refuse him anything that is agreeable to him.
To desire and to endeavor that all should love Jesus Christ.
To pray always for sinners and for the souls in purgatory.
To drive from your heart every affection that does not belong to Jesus Christ.
Always to have recourse to the most holy Mary, that she may obtain for us the love of Jesus Christ.
To honor Mary in order to please Jesus Christ.
To seek to please Jesus Christ in all your actions,
To offer yourself to Jesus Christ to suffer any pain for his love.
To be always determined to die rather than commit a willful venial sin.
To suffer crosses patiently, saying, “Thus it pleases Jesus Christ.“
To renounce your own pleasures for the love of Jesus Christ.
To pray as much as possible.
To practice all the mortifications that obedience permits.
To do all your spiritual exercises as if it were for the last time.
To persevere in good works in the time of aridity.
Not to do nor yet to leave undone anything through human respect.
Not to complain in sickness.
To love solitude, to be able to converse alone with Jesus Christ.
To drive away melancholy [i.e. gloom].
Often to recommend yourself to those persons who love Jesus Christ.
In temptation, to have recourse to Jesus crucified, and to Mary in her sorrows.
To trust entirely in the Passion of Jesus Christ.
After committing a fault, not to be discouraged, but to repent and resolve to amend.
To do good to those who do evil.
To speak well of all, and to excuse the intention when you cannot defend the action.
To help your neighbor as much as you can.
Neither to say nor to do anything that might vex him. And if you have been wanting in charity, to ask his pardon and speak kindly to him.
Always to speak with mildness and in a low tone.
To offer to Jesus Christ all the contempt and persecution that you meet with.
To look upon [religious] Superiors as the representatives of Jesus Christ.
To obey without answering and without repugnance, and not to seek your own satisfaction in anything.
To like the lowest employment.
To like the poorest things.
Not to speak either good or evil of yourself.
To humble yourself even towards inferiors.
Not to excuse yourself when you are reproved.
Not to defend yourself when found fault with.
To be silent when you are disquieted [i.e. upset].
Always to renew your determination of becoming a saint, saying, “My Jesus, I desire to be all Yours, and You must be all mine.”

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  Quattour Antiphonae (Final Four Antiphons)
Posted by: Stone - 12-20-2022, 07:12 AM - Forum: In Honor of Our Lady - Replies (3)

Quattour Antiphonae (Final Four Antiphons)
Taken from here.

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These four prayers, aside from the Hail Mary, are perhaps the four most popular Marian prayers. They are used in both private and public devotions and hold a prominent place in the Liturgy of the Hours as the concluding antiphons for Compline. Franciscans were apparently one of the first to introduce these prayers into the Liturgy and St. Bonaventure is credited with being the first to add them to the Office around 1274. From the 14th century on they have been used universally in the Latin Rite as concluding Antiphons for Compline.


Alma Redemptoris Mater
Mother Benign of Our Redeeming Lord

Alma Redemptoris Mater was composed by Herman Contractus (Herman the Cripple) (1013-1054). It is mentioned in The Prioress' Tale in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, which testifies to its popularity in England before Henry VIII. Contractus composed it from phrases taken from the writings of St. Fulgentius, St. Epiphanius, and St. Irenaeus. At one time Alma Redemptoris Mater was briefly used as an antiphon for the hour of Sext for the feast of the Assumption, but since the 13th century it has been a part of Compline. Formerly it was recited only from the first Sunday in Advent until the Feast of the Purification (Feb. 2), but with the revision of the Liturgy of the Hours, it can be recited anytime during the year. The traditional collects, which are not part of the original prayer, are also given below.

ALMA Redemptoris Mater, quae pervia caeli
Porta manes, et stella maris, succurre cadenti,
Surgere qui curat, populo: tu quae genuisti,
Natura mirante, tuum sanctum Genitorem
Virgo prius ac posterius, Gabrielis ab ore
Sumens illud Ave, peccatorum miserere.

Tempus Adventus
V. Angelus Domini nuntiavit Mariae.
R. Et concepit de Spiritu Sancto.

Oremus.
Gratiam tuam, quaesumus, Domine, mentibus nostris infunde: ut qui, Angelo nuntiante, Christi Filii tui incarnationem cognovimus; per passionem eius et crucem, ad resurrectionis gloriam perducamur. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.


Donec Purificatio
V. Post partum, Virgo, inviolata permansisti.
R. Dei Genetrix, intercede pro nobis.

Oremus.
Deus, qui salutis aeternae, beatae Mariae virginitate fecunda, humano generi praemia praestitisti: tribue, quaesumus; ut ipsam pro nobis intercedere sentiamus, per quam meruimus auctorem vitae suscipere, Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum, Filium tuum. Amen.



MOTHER of Christ, hear thou thy people's cry
Star of the deep and Portal of the sky!
Mother of Him who thee made from nothing made.
Sinking we strive and call to thee for aid:
Oh, by what joy which Gabriel brought to thee,
Thou Virgin first and last, let us thy mercy see.

During Advent
V. The Angel of the Lord announced unto Mary.
R. And she conceived by the Holy Spirit.

Let us pray.
Pour forth, we beseech Thee, O Lord, Thy grace into our hearts: that as we have known the incarnation of Thy Son Jesus Christ by the message of an Angel, so too by His Cross and passion may we be brought to the glory of His resurrection. Amen.


From Christmas Eve until the Purification
V. After childbirth thou didst remain a virgin.
R. Intercede for us, O Mother of God.

Let us pray.
O God, who, by the fruitful virginity of blessed Mary, hast bestowed upon mankind the reward of eternal salvation: grant, we beseech Thee, that we may experience her intercession, through whom we have been made worthy to receive the author of life, our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son. Amen.

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